There were many ideologically different factions among the mujahideen, with the most influential being the Jamiat-e Islami and Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin parties. The militants of the Afghan mujahideen were recruited and organized immediately after the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in 1979, initially from the regular Afghan population and defectors from the Afghan military, with the aim of waging an armed struggle against both the communist government of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan, which had taken power in the 1978 Saur Revolution, and the Soviet Union, which had invaded the country in support of the former. 'enemy'), a term also employed by the Soviets ( душмáны, Dushmany). 'organization'), while the Afghan government called them dushman ( دشمان, lit.

' spirits') as derivation from Dari word دشمان dushman, which turned into short dukh and also was suitable due to their guerrilla tactics Afghan civilians often referred to them as the tanzim ( Pashto/ Persian: تنظیم, transl. They were popularly referred to by Soviet troops as dukhi ( Russian: дýхи, lit. The union was also widely referred to by their Western backers as the Afghan resistance, while Western press often referred to them as Muslim rebels, guerrillas, or 'Mountain Men'. The Afghan mujahideen consisted of numerous groups that differed from each other across ethnic and/or ideological lines, but were united by their anti-communist and pro-Islamic goals. The term mujahideen ( Arabic: مجاهدين) is used in a religious context by Muslims to refer to those engaged in a struggle of any nature for the sake of Islam, commonly referred to as jihad ( جهاد). The Afghan mujahideen were various armed Islamist rebel groups that fought against the government of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan and the Soviet Union during the Soviet–Afghan War and the subsequent First Afghan Civil War. 1979–1989 Afghanistan, Operation Cyclone.1965–66 Indonesia, Transition to the New Order.1959–2000 assassination attempts on Fidel Castro.United States involvement in regime change Islamic State–Taliban conflict (2015–present).

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